Prediction and analysis of putative promoter in fowl adenovirus genome by in silico approach

Abstract

Aim: Fowl adenovirus (FAdV) is responsible for causing several diseases such as Inclusion Body Hepatitis, Hydropericardium syndrome, Quail bronchitis in fowl ubiquitously. Adenoviruses are medium-sized (90-100 nm), non-enveloped isohedral ds DNA viruses. This study was performed in the purpose of identifying and then analyzing the putative promoter motifs through in silico approaches in the genome of five FAdV species. Method: Genome sequence of the FAdV species were collected from NCBI and comparisons were done among these genomes. Then putative promoter sites of all species were detected by using Proscan program. Result: The identified different types of promoter motifs from in silico investigation were confirmed and verified with the known experimental data. About 83, 37, 68, 64 and 52 types of promoter sequences were found in FAdV A, FAdV C, FAdV D, FAdV E and FAdV 5, respectively. From the investigation, about 13 types of promoters were found common in all serotypes of Fowl adenovirus. The genome size and GC% of five experimental FAdVs were almost equal. Conclusion: This analytical study identified the promoters which play role in the gene expression-pattern and regulatory networks. The study may also contribute in designing the live attenuated vaccine against FAdV through site-directed mutagenesis in the FAdV promoter-regions. Promoter-identification will be helpful in better understanding of the regulation of gene expression. Also, utilizing the resources of genomics and proteomics, inventing effective drug and fruitful gene therapy may be feasible against this virus.