Homocysteine :a biomarker in neurodegenerative diseases

Abstract

Homocysteine (Hcy) levels are high in Indians compared to westerners. Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is an independent, strong, graded and easily measurable earliest risk factor for stroke, MI and other vascular diseases. It can be due to either vitamin deficiency or genetic defect .Majority of Indians, being vegetarians, have low levels of Vitamin B12, Vitamin B6 and folic acid that are required for methionine metabolism. Epidemiological studies show positive dose dependent relationship between mild to moderate increase in plasma Hcy and the risk for neurodegenerative diseases. Hcy is a surrogate marker for vitamin deficiency and is a neurotoxic agent. Hyperhomocysteinemia is common in elderly people .The results of the present study show elevated Hcy in patients with neurologic disorder .The elevation of Hcy is statistically significant in male and female patients .The Hcy levels are higher in male patients with neurological disorders. Availability of vitamins fortified food especially cereals will help to lower or delay the onset of age related neurological disorders in hyperhomocystemic high risk subjects.